Cartridge.



PATENTBD JUNE 4, 1907.

I G. B. LOBBLE.

CARTRIDGE.

APPLICATION FILED 11.30, 1906.

1n: mums PETERS- cc, WASHINOYOM, 1.1.c.

GOTTLOB E. LOEBLE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CARTRIDGE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 4, 1907.

Application filed January 30,1906. Serial NO. 298,589.

' To It whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, GOTTLOB E. LoEBLE, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of New York, borough of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Cartridges, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to ammunition for firearms, and the object of the invention is to provide cartridges in which the danger of accidental discharge shall be lessened, and more especially in which the escape of gases through the base of the cartridge at the instant of discharge shall be prevented.

The invention consists in certain novel features and arrangements of parts and details of construction by which the above objects are attained, to be hereinafter described.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification and show preferred forms of the invention as applied to shotgun shells or cartridges.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal axial section, partly in elevation, showing the primer secured in place and protected by a covering cap. Fig. 2 is a corresponding elevation of the base of the shell, and Fig. 8 is a section corresponding to Fig. 1, showing the rear portion of the same shell. with the parts separated. Fig. 4 is a section similar to Fig. 1 but showing a form of the invention in which the flange of the primer is locked directly to the base of the shell. 1 Fig. 5 is a corresponding elevation of the base, and Fig. 6 is a section showing the same parts separated. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal axial section showing the primer held in place and sealed to the base bya battery-cup. Fig. 8 is a rear elevation of the same cartridge. Fig. 9 is a longitudinal axial section showing a form of the invention in which the primer is held and sealed by folding the metal of the cartridgebase upon the flange of the primer. Fig. 10 is a corresponding rear elevation, and Fig. 11 is a section showing the parts in process of assembling. Fig. 12 is a section corresponding to Fig. 7 but showing a modification of the primer, and Fig. 13 is a rear elevation of the same. The remaining figures are on a larger scale and show the primer alone. Fig. 14 is a side view of the primer shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 15 is a corresponding end view seen from the right in Fig. 14. Fig. 16 is a side view of the primer shown in Fig. 12., and Fig. 17 is an end view from the right in the preceding figure.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in all the figures.

The general structure of the cartridge may be of the usual or any approved type. I have shown the invention as applied to shotshells in each of which the base A is of metal reinforced by a suitable base-wad B and having the forward portion of the body C of paper.

- The invention relates mainly to the means for securing the primer in the base of the shell and sealing or looking it in place so that the gases generated by the explosion cannot escape rearwardly, and also protecting the primer in such manner as to insure against accidental discharge by contact with the firing-pin in breaking and closing the gun and other slight shocks to which the cartridge may be subjected.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the base A has a central opening surrounded by an outwardly projecting flange A The primer M is inserted through the orifice and covered by a cap D having a flange or lip D adapted to inclose and engage the flange A the parts thus assembled are subjected to pressure in suitable dies, and the cap and base firmly and securely locked together with the rear face of the cap flush with the outer face of the base. The inner end of the primer is spread outwardly either by upsetting it to form a flange M, as in F igs'. 16 and 17 or by folding back the tongues M formed by the slits m, as in Figs. 14 and 15, into engagement with the inner face of the base-wad B thus firmly uniting the latter to the base A. In this form the interlocking flanges of the cap and base constitute the gas-tight seal, and the metal of the cap protects the primer.

In Figs. 4, 5 and 6 the base has a flange A similar to the flange A but the seal is produced by the interlocking therewith of a flange M formed of the metal at the rear of the primer; in this form the primer is not protected by a covering.

In Figs. 7 and 8 a battery-cup N is employed having an annular groove in which is received and locked an inwardly projecting flange A. on the base. The battery-cup incloses the primer M and engages the flange M on the rear thereof, and both are curled outwardly at the'front, the flange N of the battery-cup engaging the base-wad B and the tongues M of the primer engaging the flange l The form shown in Figs. 9, l and 11 has an opening in the base of the shell and a surrounding flange A, folded upon itself at A in which the primer M is received and held by pressing the flange over and about the flange M to make a sealed joint and protect the rear face of the primer excepting at the center where it is exposed to the action of the firingin.

In igs. 12 and 13 a battery-cup N is employed, the same as in Fig. 7. The primer is shown as flanged at the front instead of slitted as in Fig. 7.

The primer is in the form of a cylindrical metallic shell, closed at the rear or base on the interior of which is the usual fulminate I, with an anvil J immediately forward thereof. I have shown the anvil as having four wings notched on the exterior and held in the primer by an interior bead M engaged in the notches and formed after the anvil is introduced. Thus constructed the anvil is positively held a short distance from the fulminate so that ordinary jars or shocks to the cartridge cannot cause accidental explosion by contact of the anvil and fulminate, while permitting discharge under the blow delivered by the firing-pin.

The front end of the primer is adapted to be curled outwardly either in the form of a flange by a suitable expanding-die, or, if previously slitted, in the form of a plurality of radially-extending tongues.

Although I have described the invention as applied to shotgun cartridges or shells, it will be understood it will serve in fixed ammunition of any size and type to which it may be adapted.

Other modifications than those shown may be. made in the forms and proportions of the several parts and in the methods of forming the seal.

said base and forming a gas-tight joint between them.

2. In a cartridge, a base having an opening, a flange around said opening, a primer received directly in said opening, and means covering the rear of said'primer and engaged directly with said flange to hold said primer to the base and to form a gas-tight joint between them.

3. In a cartridge, a base having an opening therein, a flange around said opening, a primer received in said opening, a flangegon said primer inclosed by and interlockedidirectly with said base-flange to form a gastight joint.

4. In a cartridge, a base having an opening, a flange around said opening, a primer received in said opening, a cap covering the rear of said primer only and interlocked with said flange to hold said primer to said base and form a gas-tight joint between them.

5. In a cartridge, a base, a base-wad, a primer secured to said base and constructed to engage and hold the base-wad therein, and a cap extending over the rear of said primer and engaging a flange thereof to form a gastight oint.

6. In a cartridge, a base having an opening, a basewad, a primer received in said opening and secured at the rear directly to said base, said primer extending through said base-wad and constructed to engage the latter at the front and a cap extending over and holding the rear end of said primer.

7. In a cartridge, a base having an opening, a base-wad, a primer received in said opening and secured at the rear to said base, said primer extending through said basewad. and curled outwardlyat the front to engagesaid base-wad and a cap extending over and holding the rear end of said primer.

8. In a cartridge, a base, a base-wad, an opening in said base, a flange around said opening, a primer received in said opening and extending through said base-wad, a cap covering the rear of said primer and engaged with said flange to form a gas-tight joint, and means for engaging the front end of said primer with said base-wad.

In testimony that I claim the invention above set forth I afflx my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

GOTTLOB E. LOEBLE.

Witnesses.

C. A. HAUoK, CHARLES R. SEARLE. 

